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  51.   <div class="section" id="celery-distributed-task-queue-for-django">
    52. 

  52. <h1>celery - Distributed Task Queue for Django.<a class="headerlink" href="#celery-distributed-task-queue-for-django" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
    53. 

  53. <table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
    54. 

  54. <col class="field-name" />
    55. 

  55. <col class="field-body" />
    56. 

  56. <tbody valign="top">
    57. 

  57. <tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Authors:</th><td class="field-body">Ask Solem (<a class="reference external" href="mailto:askh&#37;&#52;&#48;opera&#46;com">askh<span>&#64;</span>opera<span>&#46;</span>com</a>)</td>
    58. 

  58. </tr>
    59. 

  59. <tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Version:</th><td class="field-body">0.2.0-pre3</td>
    60. 

  60. </tr>
    61. 

  61. </tbody>
    62. 

  62. </table>
    63. 

  63. <div class="section" id="introduction">
    64. 

  64. <h2>Introduction<a class="headerlink" href="#introduction" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
    65. 

  65. <p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">celery</span></tt> is a distributed task queue framework for Django.</p>
    66. 

  66. <p>It is used for executing tasks <em>asynchronously</em>, routed to one or more
    67. 

  67. worker servers, running concurrently using multiprocessing.</p>
    68. 

  68. <p>It is designed to solve certain problems related to running websites
    69. 

  69. demanding high-availability and performance.</p>
    70. 

  70. <p>It is perfect for filling caches, posting updates to twitter, mass
    71. 

  71. downloading data like syndication feeds or web scraping. Use-cases are
    72. 

  72. plentiful. Implementing these features asynchronously using <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">celery</span></tt> is
    73. 

  73. easy and fun, and the performance improvements can make it more than
    74. 

  74. worthwhile.</p>
    75. 

  75. </div>
    76. 

  76. <div class="section" id="features">
    77. 

  77. <h2>Features<a class="headerlink" href="#features" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
    78. 

  78. <ul class="simple">
    79. 

  79. <li>Uses AMQP messaging (RabbitMQ, ZeroMQ) to route tasks to the
    80. 

  80. worker servers.</li>
    81. 

  81. <li>You can run as many worker servers as you want, and still
    82. 

  82. be <em>guaranteed that the task is only executed once.</em></li>
    83. 

  83. <li>Tasks are executed <em>concurrently</em> using the Python 2.6
    84. 

  84. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">multiprocessing</span></tt> module (also available as a backport
    85. 

  85. to older python versions)</li>
    86. 

  86. <li>Supports <em>periodic tasks</em>, which makes it a (better) replacement
    87. 

  87. for cronjobs.</li>
    88. 

  88. <li>When a task has been executed, the return value is stored using either
    89. 

  89. a MySQL/Oracle/PostgreSQL/SQLite database, memcached,
    90. 

  90. or Tokyo Tyrant backend.</li>
    91. 

  91. <li>If the task raises an exception, the exception instance is stored,
    92. 

  92. instead of the return value.</li>
    93. 

  93. <li>All tasks has a Universaly Unique Identifier (UUID), which is the
    94. 

  94. task id, used for querying task status and return values.</li>
    95. 

  95. <li>Supports <em>tasksets</em>, which is a task consisting of several subtasks.
    96. 

  96. You can find out how many, or if all of the subtasks has been executed.
    97. 

  97. Excellent for progress-bar like functionality.</li>
    98. 

  98. <li>Has a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">map</span></tt> like function that uses tasks, called <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dmap</span></tt>.</li>
    99. 

  99. <li>However, you rarely want to wait for these results in a web-environment.
    100. 

  100. You&#8217;d rather want to use Ajax to poll the task status, which is
    101. 

  101. available from a URL like <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">celery/&lt;task_id&gt;/status/</span></tt>. This view
    102. 

  102. returns a JSON-serialized data structure containing the task status,
    103. 

  103. and the return value if completed, or exception on failure.</li>
    104. 

  104. </ul>
    105. 

  105. </div>
    106. 

  106. <div class="section" id="api-reference-documentation">
    107. 

  107. <h2>API Reference Documentation<a class="headerlink" href="#api-reference-documentation" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
    108. 

  108. <p>The <a class="reference internal" href="#api-reference-documentation">API Reference Documentation</a> is hosted at Github.</p>
    109. 

  109. <div class="section" id="installation">
    110. 

  110. <h3>Installation<a class="headerlink" href="#installation" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
    111. 

  111. <p>You can install <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">celery</span></tt> either via the Python Package Index (PyPI)
    112. 

  112. or from source.</p>
    113. 

  113. <p>To install using <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pip</span></tt>,:</p>
    114. 

  114. <div class="highlight-python"><pre>$ pip install celery</pre>
    115. 

  115. </div>
    116. 

  116. <p>To install using <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">easy_install</span></tt>,:</p>
    117. 

  117. <div class="highlight-python"><pre>$ easy_install celery</pre>
    118. 

  118. </div>
    119. 

  119. <p>If you have downloaded a source tarball you can install it
    120. 

  120. by doing the following,:</p>
    121. 

  121. <div class="highlight-python"><pre>$ python setup.py build
    122. 

  122. # python setup.py install # as root</pre>
    123. 

  123. </div>
    124. 

  124. </div>
    125. 

  125. <div class="section" id="usage">
    126. 

  126. <h3>Usage<a class="headerlink" href="#usage" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
    127. 

  127. <p>Have to write a cool tutorial, but here is some simple usage info.</p>
    128. 

  128. <p><em>Note</em> You need to have a AMQP message broker running, like <a class="reference external" href="http://www.rabbitmq.com">RabbitMQ</a>,
    129. 

  129. and you need to have the amqp server setup in your settings file, as described
    130. 

  130. in the <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/carrot/0.3.3">carrot distribution README</a>.</p>
    131. 

  131. <p><em>Note</em> If you&#8217;re running <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">SQLite</span></tt> as the database backend, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">celeryd</span></tt> will
    132. 

  132. only be able to process one message at a time, this is because <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">SQLite</span></tt>
    133. 

  133. doesn&#8217;t allow concurrent writes.</p>
    134. 

  134. </div>
    135. 

  135. </div>
    136. 

  136. <div class="section" id="defining-tasks">
    137. 

  137. <h2>Defining tasks<a class="headerlink" href="#defining-tasks" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
    138. 

  138. <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">celery.task</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">tasks</span>
    139. 

  139. <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">celery.log</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">setup_logger</span>
    140. 

  140. <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">do_something</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">some_arg</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
    141. 

  141. <span class="gp">... </span>    <span class="n">logger</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">setup_logger</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">)</span>
    142. 

  142. <span class="gp">... </span>    <span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;Did something: </span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s">&quot;</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">some_arg</span><span class="p">)</span>
    143. 

  143. <span class="gp">... </span>    <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mf">42</span>
    144. 

  144. <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">task</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">register</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">do_something</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&quot;do_something&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
    145. 

  145. </pre></div>
    146. 

  146. </div>
    147. 

  147. </div>
    148. 

  148. <div class="section" id="tell-the-celery-daemon-to-run-a-task">
    149. 

  149. <h2>Tell the celery daemon to run a task<a class="headerlink" href="#tell-the-celery-daemon-to-run-a-task" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
    150. 

  150. <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">celery.task</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">delay_task</span>
    151. 

  151. <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">delay_task</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;do_something&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">some_arg</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&quot;foo bar baz&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
    152. 

  152. </pre></div>
    153. 

  153. </div>
    154. 

  154. </div>
    155. 

  155. <div class="section" id="execute-a-task-and-get-its-return-value">
    156. 

  156. <h2>Execute a task, and get its return value.<a class="headerlink" href="#execute-a-task-and-get-its-return-value" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
    157. 

  157. <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">celery.task</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">delay_task</span>
    158. 

  158. <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">delay_task</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;do_something&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">some_arg</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&quot;foo bar baz&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
    159. 

  159. <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ready</span><span class="p">()</span>
    160. 

  160. <span class="go">False</span>
    161. 

  161. <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">()</span>   <span class="c"># Waits until the task is done.</span>
    162. 

  162. <span class="go">42</span>
    163. 

  163. <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">status</span><span class="p">()</span>
    164. 

  164. <span class="go">&#39;DONE&#39;</span>
    165. 

  165. </pre></div>
    166. 

  166. </div>
    167. 

  167. <p>If the task raises an exception, the tasks status will be <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">FAILURE</span></tt>, and
    168. 

  168. <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">result.result</span></tt> will contain the exception instance raised.</p>
    169. 

  169. </div>
    170. 

  170. <div class="section" id="running-the-celery-daemon">
    171. 

  171. <h2>Running the celery daemon<a class="headerlink" href="#running-the-celery-daemon" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
    172. 

  172. <div class="highlight-python"><pre>$ cd mydjangoproject
    173. 

  173. $ env DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=settings celeryd
    174. 

  174. [....]
    175. 

  175. [2009-04-23 17:44:05,115: INFO/Process-1] Did something: foo bar baz
    176. 

  176. [2009-04-23 17:44:05,118: INFO/MainProcess] Waiting for queue.</pre>
    177. 

  177. </div>
    178. 

  178. </div>
    179. 

  179. <div class="section" id="autodiscovery-of-tasks">
    180. 

  180. <h2>Autodiscovery of tasks<a class="headerlink" href="#autodiscovery-of-tasks" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
    181. 

  181. <p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">celery</span></tt> has an autodiscovery feature like the Django Admin, that
    182. 

  182. automatically loads any <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tasks.py</span></tt> module in the applications listed
    183. 

  183. in <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">settings.INSTALLED_APPS</span></tt>.</p>
    184. 

  184. <p>A good place to add this command could be in your <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">urls.py</span></tt>,</p>
    185. 

  185. <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">celery.task</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">tasks</span>
    186. 

  186. <span class="n">tasks</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">autodiscover</span><span class="p">()</span>
    187. 

  187. </pre></div>
    188. 

  188. </div>
    189. 

  189. <p>Then you can add new tasks in your applications <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tasks.py</span></tt> module,</p>
    190. 

  190. <div class="highlight-python"><pre>from celery.task import tasks
    191. 

  191. from celery.log import setup_logger
    192. 

  192. from clickcounter.models import ClickCount
    193. 

  193. 

  194. def increment_click(for_url, **kwargs):
    195. 

  195.     logger = setup_logger(**kwargs)
    196. 

  196.     clicks_for_url, cr = ClickCount.objects.get_or_create(url=for_url)
    197. 

  197.     clicks_for_url.clicks = clicks_for_url.clicks + 1
    198. 

  198.     clicks_for_url.save()
    199. 

  199.     logger.info("Incremented click count for %s (not at %d)" % (
    200. 

  200.                     for_url, clicks_for_url.clicks)
    201. 

  201. tasks.register(increment_click, "increment_click")</pre>
    202. 

  202. </div>
    203. 

  203. </div>
    204. 

  204. <div class="section" id="periodic-tasks">
    205. 

  205. <h2>Periodic Tasks<a class="headerlink" href="#periodic-tasks" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
    206. 

  206. <p>Periodic tasks are tasks that are run every <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">n</span></tt> seconds. They don&#8217;t
    207. 

  207. support extra arguments. Here&#8217;s an example of a periodic task:</p>
    208. 

  208. <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">celery.task</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">tasks</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">PeriodicTask</span>
    209. 

  209. <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">datetime</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">timedelta</span>
    210. 

  210. <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">MyPeriodicTask</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">PeriodicTask</span><span class="p">):</span>
    211. 

  211. <span class="gp">... </span>    <span class="n">name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&quot;foo.my-periodic-task&quot;</span>
    212. 

  212. <span class="gp">... </span>    <span class="n">run_every</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">timedelta</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">seconds</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">30</span><span class="p">)</span>
    213. 

  213. <span class="gp">...</span>
    214. 

  214. <span class="gp">... </span>    <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
    215. 

  215. <span class="gp">... </span>        <span class="n">logger</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get_logger</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">)</span>
    216. 

  216. <span class="gp">... </span>        <span class="n">logger</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">info</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;Running periodic task!&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
    217. 

  217. <span class="gp">...</span>
    218. 

  218. <span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">tasks</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">register</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">MyPeriodicTask</span><span class="p">)</span>
    219. 

  219. </pre></div>
    220. 

  220. </div>
    221. 

  221. <p>For periodic tasks to work you need to add <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">celery</span></tt> to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">INSTALLED_APPS</span></tt>,
    222. 

  222. and issue a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">syncdb</span></tt>.</p>
    223. 

  223. <div class="section" id="license">
    224. 

  224. <h3>License<a class="headerlink" href="#license" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
    225. 

  225. <p>This software is licensed under the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">New</span> <span class="pre">BSD</span> <span class="pre">License</span></tt>. See the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">LICENSE</span></tt>
    226. 

  226. file in the top distribution directory for the full license text.</p>
    227. 

  227. </div>
    228. 

  228. </div>
    229. 

  229. </div>
    230. 

  230. 

  231. 

  232. 	      </div>
    233. 

  233. 	    </div>
    234. 

  234. 	  </div>
    235. 

  235. 	</div>
    236. 

  236. 	<div class="sidebar">
    237. 

  237. 	  <h3>Contents</h3>
    238. 

  238. 	  <ul class="current">
    239. 

  239. <li class="toctree-l1 current"><a class="current reference external" href="">celery - Distributed Task Queue for Django.</a><ul>
    240. 

  240. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference external" href="#introduction">Introduction</a></li>
    241. 

  241. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference external" href="#features">Features</a></li>
    242. 

  242. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference external" href="#api-reference-documentation">API Reference Documentation</a></li>
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  243. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference external" href="#defining-tasks">Defining tasks</a></li>
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  244. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference external" href="#tell-the-celery-daemon-to-run-a-task">Tell the celery daemon to run a task</a></li>
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  245. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference external" href="#execute-a-task-and-get-its-return-value">Execute a task, and get its return value.</a></li>
    246. 

  246. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference external" href="#running-the-celery-daemon">Running the celery daemon</a></li>
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  247. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference external" href="#autodiscovery-of-tasks">Autodiscovery of tasks</a></li>
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  248. <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference external" href="#periodic-tasks">Periodic Tasks</a></li>
    249. 

  249. </ul>
    250. 

  250. </li>
    251. 

  251. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference external" href="reference/celery.task.html">Tasks - celery.task</a></li>
    252. 

  252. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference external" href="reference/celery.result.html">Task Result - celery.result</a></li>
    253. 

  253. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference external" href="reference/celery.registry.html">Task Registry - celery.registry</a></li>
    254. 

  254. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference external" href="reference/celery.discovery.html">Task Discovery - celery.discovery</a></li>
    255. 

  255. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference external" href="reference/celery.worker.html">Multiprocessing Worker - celery.worker</a></li>
    256. 

  256. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference external" href="reference/celery.backends.html">Backends - celery.backends</a></li>
    257. 

  257. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference external" href="reference/celery.backends.base.html">Backend: Base - celery.backends.base</a></li>
    258. 

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    260. 

  260. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference external" href="reference/celery.backends.tyrant.html">Backend: Tokyo Tyrant - celery.backends.tyrant</a></li>
    261. 

  261. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference external" href="reference/celery.conf.html">Configuration - celery.conf</a></li>
    262. 

  262. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference external" href="reference/celery.datastructures.html">Datastructures - celery.datastructures</a></li>
    263. 

  263. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference external" href="reference/celery.log.html">Logging - celery.log</a></li>
    264. 

  264. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference external" href="reference/celery.managers.html">Django Model Managers - celery.managers</a></li>
    265. 

  265. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference external" href="reference/celery.models.html">Django Models - celery.models</a></li>
    266. 

  266. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference external" href="reference/celery.messaging.html">Messaging - celery.messaging</a></li>
    267. 

  267. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference external" href="reference/celery.platform.html">Platform Specific - celery.platform</a></li>
    268. 

  268. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference external" href="reference/celery.timer.html">Timers - celery.timer</a></li>
    269. 

  269. <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference external" href="reference/celery.bin.celeryd.html">Celery Worker Daemon - celery.bin.celeryd</a></li>
    270. 

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